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1946
Delhi Special Police Establishment Act
CBI was set up under this law.
1951
Representation of the People Act
Rules for Parliament and State Legislature elections; amended many times.
1955
Protection of Civil Rights Act
Implemented Article 17 (abolition of untouchability) and protected SC/ST rights.
1955
Essential Commodities Act
Ensured uninterrupted supply of essential goods; prevented hoarding & black marketing. Modified in 2020 with 2 Farm Acts.
1955
Citizenship Act
Rules for acquiring Indian citizenship.
1956
States Reorganization Act
Reorganized states on linguistic basis; 14 states & 6 UTs.
1967
Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA)
Empowered Government to deal with threats to sovereignty & integrity of India.
1971
Maintenance of Internal Security Act (MISA)
Govt could arrest anyone on suspicion of threat to national security; widely misused during Emergency 1975-77; abolished in 1977.
1972
Wildlife Protection Act
Protection of wild animals, birds, and plants.
1974
Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act
Control and prevention of water pollution.
1980
Environment (Protection) Act
Landmark act for protection and improvement of environment.
1981
Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act
Control and prevention of air pollution.
1986
Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act
Nullified SC Shah Bano judgement.
1986
Prevention of Corruption Act
Minimized corruption in government agencies & public sector.
1989
SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act
Prevented discrimination & atrocities against SC/ST; Protection of Civil Rights Act 1955 was inadequate.
1995
Persons With Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights & Full Participation) Act
Special provisions & quota for disabled persons; amended in 2016.
1999
Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA)
Maintains orderly foreign exchange market; replaced FERA.
2000
Information Technology Act
Regulates ICT & cybersecurity in India.
2002
Competition Act
Established Competition Commission of India (CCI); replaced MRTP Act.
2005
Right to Information Act
Implemented citizens' Right to Information.
2005
National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MG NAREGA)
Guarantees employment in rural areas.
2005
Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act
Defines and protects women from domestic violence.
2005
Disaster Management Act
Provides framework for disaster response, used during COVID-19 pandemic.
2006
Commission for Protection of Child Rights Act
Constitution of National & State Commissions and Children's Courts for speedy trial.
2009
Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act
Implementing Right to Education under Article 21.
2011
Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act
Implementation of Vishakha Guidelines.
2013
National Food Security Act
Implementation of National Food Security Mission.
2013
Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act
Appointments of Lokpal & Lokayuktas under the Act.
2014
Whistle Blowers Protection Act
Protects individuals disclosing corruption in government organizations.
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